The design of the SMT production site must prioritize safety. Since SMT equipment is typically installed in assembly lines, the production lines are quite long (e.g., a high-speed SMT line can be 25-35 meters long). The load on the floor is concentrated; a single high-speed placement machine with feeders can weigh over 6000 kg. Therefore, the factory floor must have a high load-bearing capacity. High-speed SMT lines are usually installed indoors; the floor's load-bearing capacity should be no less than 7.5 KN/m2, or even 10 KN/m2. If the floor's load-bearing capacity is too low, deformation or cracking may occur after a period of equipment use, affecting equipment reliability and processing accuracy.

　　The SMT production site requires sufficient and safe power. SMT equipment generally uses compressed air and electricity as dual power sources, requiring strict coordination. Reflow soldering machines and wave soldering machines are large power-consuming devices; their startup and shutdown effects on other equipment must be considered. For safety, the power system uses a three-phase five-wire system. Some companies combine protective grounding and neutral wiring, which is unsafe. Poor power grid quality can damage production equipment. In previous years, our SMT equipment malfunctioned or was damaged multiple times due to abnormalities or sudden power outages in the Beijing Northeast Power Grid, affecting reflow soldering machines, multi-functional placement machines, and wave soldering machines. In areas with significant power grid voltage fluctuations, SMT equipment should be equipped with AC voltage stabilizers, and three-phase power connections should be carefully checked. Power load balance is crucial.

　　SMT production equipment requires clean, dry compressed air. The compressed air used as a power source must not only meet the equipment's technical requirements for pressure and flow rate but also be free of water, oil, dust, and other impurities before entering the machine.

　　SMT equipment vibrates during operation, especially during large-scale, high-speed mounting. Compared to GB 1070-88, daytime vibration should be controlled below 70db, with a maximum of 80db. Excessive vibration is not only detrimental to the factory structure's safety but also interferes with other equipment and instruments and causes discomfort to operators.

　　A bright and clean factory facilitates focused work and ensures production quality. For SMT production sites, the illuminance should be no less than 300 lux (measured at a height of 800 mm from the ground). Local lighting can be installed in areas requiring better illumination. Auxiliary materials such as SMT equipment, SMT adhesives, and solder paste should be used within a certain temperature range to maintain their specific properties and good processability. Generally, controlling the temperature in the PCB factory to 18-26 degrees Celsius is suitable. In winter or when using air conditioning in summer, a certain proportion of fresh air needs to be introduced. The necessary fresh air volume should provide sufficient oxygen to meet the breathing requirements of indoor personnel and maintain normal physiological activities.

　　SMT production uses flammable materials such as anhydrous ethanol and flux. Fire safety design for production areas and warehouses is essential. Factory design, construction, and major renovation projects must be reviewed by the fire department. For the storage of valuable items and components and the production of valuable products (such as mobile phones), effective safety management measures must be implemented, and security and theft prevention should be considered in the production area design. Many mobile phone manufacturers have experienced theft of mobile phones and batteries, leading some to equip their assembly workshops with anti-theft security systems comparable to those in airports.

　　The importance of electrostatic safety protection is increasingly recognized. Ideally, the entire SMT production site should be designed according to the standards of an electrostatic safe work area. Electrostatic protection is a systematic project and should be part of comprehensive quality management, valued by all employees. Production areas should be equipped with necessary electrostatic protection equipment, and regular training on electrostatic protection should be provided. Employees should be aware of electrostatic protection procedures. The production and work site should have a good grounding system (e.g., ground resistance less than 4 ohms), and the factory floor should have anti-static properties or anti-static mats.

　　With the development of productivity, environmental pollution and resource consumption caused by human production activities increasingly threaten human health and sustainable development, causing widespread concern. Intense competition among enterprises, the establishment of relevant environmental laws and regulations, and societal expectations have led companies to pay more attention to their environmental performance and image. Any industrial factory design should follow the principle of people-oriented enterprise. Many modern enterprises introduce the concept of a "green production site" when designing SMT production sites.

　　In SMT equipment installation sites, if the workshop building structure is small and materials with high reflection coefficients (low sound absorption coefficient, α < 0.02) are used, the sound absorption capacity is almost zero, resulting in complete reflection and strong reverberation. The main component of workshop noise is mechanical noise, with some aerodynamic noise. Therefore, most noise can be controlled through sound insulation and sound absorption. Factory ceilings using sound-absorbing materials help reduce noise reflection. Noise control standards should comply with GBJ 87-85 and the Ministry of Machinery and Electronics Industry's regulations from November 10, 1988. Noise levels in most areas of the SMT production site should be controlled below 70db.

　　Electromagnetic radiation is recognized as one of the four major pollution sources, along with water, air, and noise pollution. Excessive electromagnetic radiation can harm operators' health. A certain model of placement machine produced by an Asian company was once withdrawn from the European market because its electromagnetic radiation exceeded European safety standards. Therefore, when purchasing SMT production equipment, requirements for potential electromagnetic radiation should be specified to ensure operator safety.

　　Air pollution sources in SMT production sites mainly come from fumes and dust generated by wave soldering, reflow soldering, and manual soldering (mainly lead, tin vapor, nitrogen oxides, ozone, and carbon monoxide). These are harmful to human health and require effective measures for air purification. The exhaust system installed in the production area should have sufficient capacity, and emission standards and height should comply with local environmental protection regulations. Fume filters can be installed at some workstations to absorb and filter harmful gases. The SMT production site environmental design should follow relevant evaluation standards: 1. GBJ4-73 (Harmful substances: lead emission concentration: 34 mg/Nm3), 2. TJ36-90 (Permissible concentration of harmful substances in workshop air: lead smoke 0.03 mg/m3), 3. GB7355-87 (Daily average maximum permissible concentration of lead and its inorganic compounds: 0.0015 mg/m3).

　　The handling of waste generated during production activities is a crucial step. Chemical products such as waste gasoline, engine oil, alcohol, waste solder paste, patch glue, flux, and solder dross should be collected centrally. Units with the capacity to handle such waste and that meet domestic environmental protection requirements should not discard them arbitrarily. Other recyclable waste, such as packaging materials for SMD components, should be stored separately and handed over to a waste treatment plant for processing.

　　The process layout of the SMT production site should be efficient and orderly. The logistics routes should be reasonable, consistent with the process flow, and as short as possible to improve production management efficiency. Various items involved in production should be classified and managed according to designated locations. All work areas and storage areas for various items should be clearly marked. Any items unrelated to the production site should be resolutely removed from the site. The production site should be designed to be advanced, reflecting the management characteristics of "balanced and orderly production, scientific process layout, reasonable labor organization, clear job responsibilities, and elimination of ineffective labor".