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PCBA surface mount component description
Switches are used in electronic devices to disconnect, connect, or switch circuits. A relay is an automatic control device that changes its output in a jump-like manner when the input (electrical, magnetic, acoustic, optical, thermal) reaches a certain value.
PCBA surface mount processing mainly includes two major processes: PCB circuit board manufacturing and SMT surface mount processing. Electronic components are indispensable in these processes. Electronic components are the foundation of PCBA surface mount processing and are important factors affecting the performance and quality of PCBA finished products. So, what are the commonly used electronic components in PCBA surface mount processing?
1. Resistors
Resistors are electronic components with resistance characteristics and are one of the most widely used components in PCBA processing. Resistors are divided into fixed resistors and variable resistors (potentiometers), and they play a role in voltage division, current division, and current limiting in the circuit.
2. Capacitors
Capacitors are also one of the basic components in PCBA processing. They are components that store electrical energy and play roles such as coupling, filtering, DC isolation, and tuning in electronic circuits.
3. Inductors
Inductors, also known as coils, have the function of storing magnetic energy. Inductors are usually composed of a frame, windings, a shielding cover, a core, etc.
4. Potentiometers
A potentiometer is a resistor with a variable resistance value, that is, a resistor that can be continuously adjusted within a specified range. A potentiometer consists of a housing, a slider, a shaft, a ring resistor, and three terminals.
5. Transformers
A transformer consists of a core (or magnetic core) and coils. The coils have two or more windings. The winding connected to the power supply is called the primary winding, and the other windings are called the secondary windings.
Transformers are devices for voltage, current, and impedance transformation. When an alternating current flows through the primary winding, an alternating magnetic flux is generated in the core (or magnetic core), inducing a voltage (or current) in the secondary winding. Transformers are mainly used for AC voltage transformation, current transformation, power transmission, impedance transformation, and buffering isolation, and are one of the indispensable important components in PCBA machines.
6. Crystal Diodes
A crystal diode (i.e., a semiconductor diode, hereinafter referred to as a diode) consists of a PN junction, electrode leads, and an external sealed shell, and has unidirectional conductivity characteristics.
7. Transistors
Transistors are core components for signal amplification and processing and are widely used in PCBA machines.
8. Field-Effect Transistors
A field-effect transistor (FET) is also a semiconductor device with a PN junction. Unlike a transistor, it does not utilize the conductive characteristics of the PN junction but its insulating characteristics.
9. Electroacoustic Devices
Devices used in circuits to convert electrical signals and sound signals into each other are called electroacoustic devices. There are many types, including speakers, microphones, headphones (or earbuds), transmitters, and receivers.
10. Optoelectronic Devices
Optoelectronic devices include photoconductive devices, photocells that utilize the photosensitive characteristics of semiconductors, and semiconductor light-emitting devices that utilize the photovoltaic characteristics of semiconductors.
11. Display Devices
Electronic display devices are optoelectronic conversion devices that convert electrical signals into optical signals, i.e., devices used to display numbers, symbols, text, or images. They are key components of electronic display devices and greatly affect the performance of display devices.
12. Sensors
Sensors can sense the specified measured quantity and convert it into a usable signal according to a certain law. They are usually composed of a sensing element and a conversion element.
13. Surface Mount Devices
Surface mount devices (SMCs, SMDs), also known as surface mount components or chip components, include resistors, capacitors, inductors, and semiconductor devices. They are characterized by their small size, light weight, lack of leads or very short leads, high mounting density, high reliability, good shock resistance, and ease of automation.
14. Thyristors
SCR, short for silicon controlled rectifier, is a high-power semiconductor device with a four-layer structure with three PN junctions, also known as a thyristor. It is characterized by its small size, relatively simple structure, and strong functions, and is one of the more commonly used semiconductor devices currently.
15. Switches, Relays, and Various Connectors
Switches are used in electronic equipment to disconnect, connect, or switch circuits. A relay is an automatic control device that changes its output in a jump-like manner when the input (electrical, magnetic, acoustic, optical, thermal) reaches a certain value.
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