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PCB interconnection methods for copying boards
In PCB copying, both electronic components and electromechanical components have electrical contacts. The electrical connection between two discrete contacts is called interconnection. Electronic components must be interconnected according to the schematic diagram to achieve the intended function.
In PCB copying, both electronic components and electromechanical components have electrical contacts. The electrical connection between two discrete contacts is called interconnection. Electronic components must be interconnected according to the schematic diagram to achieve the intended function.
As a component of a complete machine, a printed circuit board generally cannot constitute an electronic product and inevitably has external connection issues. For example, electrical connections are needed between printed boards, between printed boards and external components, and between printed boards and equipment panels. Selecting a connection method that optimally balances reliability, processability, and economy is an important aspect of printed circuit board design. There are various external connection methods, and appropriate choices should be made based on different characteristics.
Circuit board interconnection method 1: Soldering method
The advantages of this connection method are simplicity, low cost, and high reliability, avoiding failures caused by poor contact; the disadvantages are that replacement and maintenance are inconvenient. This method is generally suitable for situations with fewer external leads on components.
1. PCB wire soldering
This method does not require any connectors; simply solder the external connection points on the PCB directly to external components or other parts with wires. For example, speakers and battery boxes in radios.
Precautions for circuit board soldering interconnection:
(1) The solder pads should be as close as possible to the edge of the PCB and arranged in a uniform size for easy soldering and maintenance.
(2) To improve the mechanical strength of the wire connection and prevent the solder pads or printed wires from being pulled off due to wire pulling, holes should be drilled near the solder joints on the PCB, allowing the wires to pass through the through-holes from the soldering surface and then be inserted into the solder pad holes on the component side for soldering.
(3) Arrange or bundle the wires neatly and fix them to the board with wire clips or other fasteners to prevent the wires from breaking due to movement.
2. PCB ribbon cable soldering
Two PCBs are connected using a flat cable, ensuring reliable connection, preventing connection errors, and allowing for unrestricted relative positioning of the two PCBs.
Direct soldering of printed circuit boards. This method is often used to connect two printed circuit boards at a 90-degree angle. After connection, they become an integral PCB component.
Circuit board interconnection method 2: Connector connection method
Connectors are often used in more complex instruments and equipment. This "building block" structure not only ensures the quality of mass production but also reduces system costs and facilitates debugging and maintenance. When equipment malfunctions, maintenance personnel do not need to perform component-level checks (i.e., checking the cause of the failure and tracing it back to the specific component, which takes considerable time). They only need to determine which circuit board is malfunctioning and replace it immediately, quickly troubleshooting, reducing downtime, and improving equipment utilization. The replaced circuit board can be repaired at a later time and used as a spare part.
1. Printed board socket
This connection method is often used in more complex instruments and equipment. This method involves creating printed plugs from the edge of the PCB. The plug is designed according to the size, number of contacts, contact distance, and positioning hole location of the socket and matches a dedicated PCB socket.
In PCB manufacturing, the plug is gold-plated to improve wear resistance and reduce contact resistance. This method is simple to assemble, has good interchangeability and maintainability, and is suitable for standardized mass production. Its disadvantages are increased board cost and higher requirements for board manufacturing precision and processes; reliability is slightly lower, often resulting in poor contact due to plug oxidation or socket spring aging. To improve the reliability of external connections, the same lead is often brought out in parallel through contacts on the same side or both sides of the circuit board.
PCB socket connection methods are often used in multi-board products. The connection between the socket and the printed circuit board or base plate can be of the spring type or pin type.
2. Standard pin connection
This method can be used for external connections of printed circuit boards, especially in small instruments, where pin connections are often used. Two printed circuit boards are connected via standard pins, generally parallel or perpendicular, facilitating mass production.
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